Games and physics simulations need to detect which objects are touching or overlapping. With nnn objects, checking every pair is O(n2)O(n^2)O(n2) comparisons, which gets expensive fast. A hundred objects means roughly 5,000 pair checks. A thousand means nearly 500,000.
思路：单调递减栈，找「上一个比当前价格大的元素索引」。正序遍历，弹出所有 ≤ 当前价格的索引；跨度 = 当前索引 - 栈顶索引（栈空则为 当前索引 + 1）。
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